Antennae and the role of olfaction and contact stimulation in mate recognition by males of the pollinating fig wasp Ceratosolen gravelyi (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae)

Finding a mate is a crucial step in sexual reproduction. The mutualism between figs and their pollinators is exploited by many figwasps that develop within their galls and attain sexual maturity simultaneously. Male pollinators carry the specific burden of detecting and opening mating holes in galls containing conspecific females before mating with them. The mating behaviourand antennal sensilla of male pollinators associated with Ficus semicordata was investigated to understand mate recognition. Male Ceratosolen gravelyi located female-containing galls from a distance, but only attempted to chew a mating hole after antennal contact with the gall surface was made. They showed similar responses to females and body extracts but failed to respond to washed female bodies. This behaviour indicates that unidentified chemicals present on the body surfaces of females are sufficient to elicit olfactory attraction and tactile confirmation. Multiporous plate sensilla are candidates for olfactory reception from a distance while basiconic sensilla may be involved in contact chemoreceptor. All of the sensilla are highly localised, on the distal part of the terminal flagellomere, suggesting a response to selection for strong directionality in the complex odour environment of the fig in which messages produced by hundreds of females may confuse precise mate localisation.     

一种基于HMM模型改进的地图匹配算法

针对轨迹数据在线地图匹配中难以同时保障算法的准确率和时间效率的问题, 提出一种基于隐马尔科夫模型(HMM)改进的在线地图匹配算法, 并提出综合距离因素和方向因素计算发射概率的方法。与其他全局或者局部算法的不同之处在于, 改进的在线地图匹配算法引入可靠点进行轨迹分割, 减少了转移概率的计算和匹配结果的输出延时。用西雅图市浮动车的轨迹数据进行算法的实验验证, 结果表明, 与传统的HMM地图匹配算法相比, 改进的算法在准确率和时间效率上更优, 能够满足在线地图匹配的需求。     

椭圆曲线y2=(x+a)(x2-ax+p)的大整数点

确定椭圆曲线的有理点(尤其大整数点)是数论与算术代数几何中十分有趣的问题。尤其椭圆曲线在密码学等方面的应用中,针对不同的情况,需要构造不同的椭圆曲线。本文在这类椭圆曲线y²=(x+a)(x²-ax+p)中找到了一族有大整数点的椭圆曲线。同时得到了这族椭圆曲线有整数解的充要条件,且给出了8条椭圆曲线的大整数点。     

基于三维点云的岩体结构面自动分类与参数计算

结构面间距是岩体稳定性和力学特性分析中的一个重要参数，在岩石力学、采矿工程、边坡监测等领域的数值计算中广泛应用.本文以岩体边坡露头为研究对象，基于非接触测量获得的三维点云数据，提出一种基于密度聚类的结构面细化分类方法；在结构面粗略分组提取的基础上，通过投影变换、散乱点拟合等算法，求得结构面间距和岩体体积节理数.设计开发了结构面细化分类及间距等参数计算与分析原型系统，实际案例分析表明，本文方法可有效实现结构面的自动细化分类，并能够计算出间距等相关参数，可为岩体质量分级和岩体稳定性分析等提供方法支撑.     

考虑多人给出参照点的风险型多属性决策方法

针对多人给出参照点的风险型多属性决策问题,提出了一种基于累积前景理论的决策分析方法.在该方法中,首先依据累积前景理论,计算每个参与决策人针对不同自然状态下每个方案的属性值的前景价值及决策权重函数值,进而得到每个参与决策人针对各方案的综合累积前景值;然后,计算每个参与决策人的决策信息与总体决策信息的期望一致性程度,并得到每个参与决策人的权重;在此基础上,计算各方案的总体累积前景值,并依据总体累积前景值的大小对各备选方案进行排序.最后,通过一个数值算例来说明该方法的可行性.     

一个典型弹性梁方程涉及第一特征值的正解

运用锥理论和不动点指数方法,在与相应的线性算子第一特征值有关的条件下,获得了一个典型弹性梁方程正解的存在性,改进了相关文献的结论.     

污染环境下森林发展系统的最优控制

研究了污染环境下一类森林发展系统的最优控制问题。首先,提出所研究的模型并通过Banach不动点定理证明了解的存在唯一性,然后根据凸泛函的性质以及Mazur引理得出最优控制的唯一解。     

Klein-Weyl's program and the ontology of gauge and quantum systems

We distinguish two orientations in Weyl's analysis of the fundamental role played by the notion of symmetry in physics, namely an orientation inspired by Klein's Erlangen program and a phenomenological-transcendental orientation. By privileging the former to the detriment of the latter, we sketch a group(oid)-theoretical program—that we call the Klein-Weyl program—for the interpretation of both gauge theories and quantum mechanics in a single conceptual framework. This program is based on Weyl's notion of a “structure-endowed entity” equipped with a “group of automorphisms”. First, we analyze what Weyl calls the “problem of relativity” in the frameworks provided by special relativity, general relativity, and Yang-Mills theories. We argue that both general relativity and Yang-Mills theories can be understood in terms of a localization of Klein's Erlangen program: while the latter describes the group-theoretical automorphisms of a single structure (such as homogenous geometries), local gauge symmetries and the corresponding gauge fields (Ehresmann connections) can be naturally understood in terms of the groupoid-theoretical isomorphisms in a family of identical structures. Second, we argue that quantum mechanics can be understood in terms of a linearization of Klein's Erlangen program. This stance leads us to an interpretation of the fact that quantum numbers are “indices characterizing representations of groups” ((Weyl, 1931a), p.xxi) in terms of a correspondence between the ontological categories of identity and determinateness.     

考虑凸形障碍的应急设施选址与资源分配决策研究

应急设施是应急救援的依托载体,其科学合理的选址事关应急救援的紧迫性和应急资源分配的及时性,障碍约束下的应急设施选址与应急资源分配决策研究具有重要的战略意义.从需求区域的视角和应急设施应急服务质量的视角构建基于障碍约束、容量及安全库存约束的应急设施选址与资源分配优化模型,引入安全库存机制,综合考虑时间性、经济性及地理阻断等多重约束限制,剖析选址和应急物资分配的决策过程,进行应急设施的选址决策和应急物资分配预案的制定.设计灰狼优化算法(GWO)与可视凸点绕障路径耦合算法求解模型,结果表明:所设计算法能有效实现绕障路径的优化,且在需求区域的不同时间满意度偏好下,获得最优的选址-分配方案,研究成果将为应急设施选址与资源分配提供模型和方法设计.